More About The Internet
09:35
Original TCP/IP (Cerf & Kahn)
There is no separation between transport (TCP) and
network (IP) layers. There is one common header and these use ports to
multiplex multiple TCP connections on the same host. Therefore, there was a
byte-based sequence number. The flow was controlled, however, there was no
congestion control.
Today’s TCP/IP
Now there are separate transport (TCP) and network
(IP) layer. This splits the common header in both TCP and UDP headers. IP, on
the other hand, reassemble fragmentation and so congestion control was
established.
Addressing
In order to find out if a destination is in the same
network, we can use this simple formula:
IP
ADDRESS = NETWORK ID + HOST ID
The source and destination network IDs match the same
network (i.e. direct connectivity). It is also possible to split address into
multiple parts. This is called hierarchical addressing.
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